Weather Prediction Center

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
314 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024

Valid 12Z Mon Dec 30 2024 - 12Z Wed Jan 01 2025

...Snow showers likely across parts of the Northern Rockies and
Northern/Central Plains today...

...Much above average temperatures continue for the Central and Eastern
U.S today; cooling trend spreads from West to East this week....

...Critical Fire Weather expected for portions of the Southern High Plains
today...


A surface low pressure system ejecting out of the Rockies into the Plains
will likely produce a swath of snow and strong winds from northern Idaho
down through western Iowa today. Moderate impacts mainly due to blowing
snow are expected across much of Wyoming, the Colorado Rockies, South
Dakota and northwestern Nebraska. Snow over the Northern Rockies could
accumulate between 6-12 inches with isolated higher amounts possible. Snow
and wind should subside across the Northwest tonight as the low pressure
system tracks into the Ohio Valley.

Downstream, another, deeper mid-latitude cyclone will spread showers and
scattered thunderstorms into the Northeast with some light snow showers
possible downwind of the Lower Great Lakes today. The arrival of the
Plains system will promote even more snow showers for the broader Great
Lakes region on Tuesday.

Much above average temperatures are expected to continue across the
Central and Eastern U.S. today ahead of their respective low pressure
systems. Temperatures over south Texas will be especially anomalous with
highs likely between 20-30 degrees above average. Numerous high
temperature records may be tied or broken as a result. Unusually mild
conditions in the Northeast may also tie or break high temperature records
today. A cooling trend ensues across the West today before expanding east
through the rest of the country over the next couple of days. A Critical
Fire Weather area was issued by the Storm Prediction Center for much of
the Southern High Plains for today due to the especially warm temperatures
paired with dry and gusty westerly downslope flow beneath the storm to the
north.


Kebede


Graphics available at
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/basicwx/basicwx_ndfd.php

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
210 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024

Valid 12Z Thu Jan 02 2025 - 12Z Mon Jan 06 2025


...Colder weather in the central and eastern U.S. allows for
broadening wintry precipitation chances over the weekend...


...Overview...

A broad upper trough will be in place across the central and
eastern U.S. later this week, allowing for near to below average
temperatures and multiple days of lake effect snow in favored
areas. Meanwhile upper ridging will amplify over the West for
warmer temperatures while an atmospheric river produces
precipitation in the Northwest ahead of an eastern Pacific trough.
This trough is forecast to move inland and toward the central U.S.
over the weekend, which will support a developing low pressure
system over the Plains and east-central U.S. early next week.
Moisture accompanying this low could lead to heavy rainfall
currently expected in the Tennessee Valley on Sunday, while the
cool temperatures in place farther north may produce a broad area
of snow in the north-central Plains to Mid-Mississippi Valley and
Ohio Valley this weekend, with possible ice in the transition zone.


...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...

Model guidance remains agreeable with the large scale pattern of
the western ridge and the eastern trough for the early medium range
period. Small impulses riding the ridge into the Northwest show
some model spread that affects QPF, and there is also some spread
with the details of a weak wave producing some light snow from the
Mid-Mississippi Valley to the Ohio Valley and central Appalachians.
These smaller scale differences will have to be resolved during
the short range period.

By Friday into Saturday, the eastern Pacific trough entering the
West shows more considerable model variability with its timing. The
12Z and new 00Z CMC runs were slower/farther west with the trough
axis than almost all ensemble members. The 12Z ECMWF was also on
the slow side though--despite all AI/ML models (based on the EC
initial conditions) faster like the GFS runs and the UKMET. Favored
the faster solutions, which was similar to the previous forecast
as well, and fortunately the new 00Z ECMWF has trended faster. The
depth of the trough at least is more agreeable than in previous
days, as models have trended away from the flattest solutions.

The trough should set up atop the Rockies to Plains early next
week with reasonable model agreement. A surface low is likely to
form in response, likely over the southern Plains this weekend and
then tracking east. The 00Z ECMWF and GFS happen to agree fairly
well on a 12Z Monday surface low position over Louisville, Kentucky
or so, but models are far from locked in on this position.
Continue to monitor future forecasts as the low track will impact
precipitation position and type.

The WPC forecast was based on a blend favoring the 12/18Z GFS runs
with some inclusion of the 12Z ECMWF, 12Z UKMET, and GEFS and EC
ensemble means early in the period. Quickly ramped up the
proportion of ensemble means to over half by Days 6-7 amid
increasing model spread.


...Weather/Hazards Highlights...

Lake effect snow is likely later this week with cold and brisk
flow across the Great Lakes, likely peaking Thursday-Friday with
some continuing into Saturday. Meanwhile shortwave energy and a
weak frontal wave may produce a band of light snow late this week
somewhere within an area encompassing the Midwest/Ohio Valley to
central Appalachians. Farther south, parts of the western/central
Gulf Coast could see one or more periods of light rain.

Ahead of the eastern Pacific upper trough, moisture in the form of
a moderate atmospheric river will be directed into the Pacific
Northwest to northern California, likely peaking Thursday night
into Friday morning. There are remaining timing and placement
differences for the positioning of peak moisture transport and
heaviest rainfall. Thus continued to hold off on any excessive
rainfall areas in the Days 4-5/Thursday-Friday EROs, but some areas
within this region may be more sensitive than normal to heavy
rainfall with the wet antecedent conditions. Modest precipitation
including higher elevation snow is likely into the Intermountain
West and northern/central Rockies. Additional rounds of light to
moderate precipitation are possible in the Northwest into the
weekend.

As the upper trough moves into the central U.S., surface low
pressure is forecast to develop over the southern Plains over the
weekend. While the details remain nebulous, precipitation chances
look to increase generally across the Plains and Mississippi Valley
Saturday and stretching farther into the east-central U.S. Sunday-
Monday as the low moves east. This precipitation would be snow in
the northern half or so of the U.S. given the cold temperatures,
with rain in the south. There may be a transition zone of ice in
between the rain and snow, and some locations could transition from
snow to rain or vice versa. The central Plains into Middle
Mississippi Valley appears most likely for transitioning
precipitation types at this point. Heavy rain and thunderstorms are
possible in the Tennessee Valley on Sunday. Keep an eye on future
forecasts as details are likely to change.

Generally, the mean upper ridge over the West will promote above
normal temperatures from the Great Basin and Southwest to the
southern/central Plains late week into the weekend. Highs will
reach well into the 70s in the Desert Southwest, and temperatures
could warm into the low 80s in southern Texas by next weekend.
Meanwhile the mean trough in the central/eastern U.S. will lead to
cooler than normal temperatures from the north-central U.S. into
the Midwest to Eastern Seaboard. The northern Plains is forecast to
see the most anomalous temperatures, around 10-20F below normal
for highs and around 5-15F below normal for lows. This translates
to highs not reaching or barely reaching 0F and lows between -10F
and -20F in some areas.


Tate


Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium
range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php

WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), excessive rainfall
outlook (ERO), winter weather outlook (WWO) probabilities, heat
indices, and Key Messages can be accessed from:

https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ovw

Hawaii Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
255 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024

Valid 00Z Tue Dec 31 2024 - 00Z Tue Jan 07 2025

Trade winds of moderate to breezy levels will be in place over the
next several days over Hawaii, with the typical surface ridge of
high pressure to the north of the state. This will be a moist
trade wind pattern especially Tuesday-Wednesday when some enhanced
moisture comes in, and showers will favor windward/mauka areas. By
late week into the weekend, winds look to veer in response to a
front stalling northwest of Hawaii. Overall these winds should be
weaker and could allow land/sea breezes to set up with mostly fair
weather. Another front seems to have a better chance of reaching
the western islands by around next Tuesday, so this will continue
to be monitored.

Tate

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
230 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024
Day 1
Valid 12Z Mon Dec 30 2024 - 12Z Tue Dec 31 2024

The probability of rainfall exceeding flash flood guidance is less
than 5 percent.

Orrison


Day 1 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/94epoints.txt

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
230 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024
Day 2
Valid 12Z Tue Dec 31 2024 - 12Z Wed Jan 01 2025

The probability of rainfall exceeding flash flood guidance is less
than 5 percent.

Orrison


Day 2 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/98epoints.txt

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
230 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024
Day 3
Valid 12Z Wed Jan 01 2025 - 12Z Thu Jan 02 2025

The probability of rainfall exceeding flash flood guidance is less
than 5 percent.

Orrison

Day 3 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/99epoints.txt

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
210 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024


Lake effect snow is likely later this week with cold and brisk
flow across the Great Lakes, likely peaking Thursday-Friday with
some continuing into Saturday. Meanwhile shortwave energy and a
weak frontal wave may produce a band of light snow late this week
somewhere within an area encompassing the Midwest/Ohio Valley to
central Appalachians. Farther south, parts of the western/central
Gulf Coast could see one or more periods of light rain.

Ahead of the eastern Pacific upper trough, moisture in the form of
a moderate atmospheric river will be directed into the Pacific
Northwest to northern California, likely peaking Thursday night
into Friday morning. There are remaining timing and placement
differences for the positioning of peak moisture transport and
heaviest rainfall. Thus continued to hold off on any excessive
rainfall areas in the Days 4-5/Thursday-Friday EROs, but some areas
within this region may be more sensitive than normal to heavy
rainfall with the wet antecedent conditions. Modest precipitation
including higher elevation snow is likely into the Intermountain
West and northern/central Rockies. Additional rounds of light to
moderate precipitation are possible in the Northwest into the
weekend.

As the upper trough moves into the central U.S., surface low
pressure is forecast to develop over the southern Plains over the
weekend. While the details remain nebulous, precipitation chances
look to increase generally across the Plains and Mississippi Valley
Saturday and stretching farther into the east-central U.S. Sunday-
Monday as the low moves east. This precipitation would be snow in
the northern half or so of the U.S. given the cold temperatures,
with rain in the south. There may be a transition zone of ice in
between the rain and snow, and some locations could transition from
snow to rain or vice versa. The central Plains into Middle
Mississippi Valley appears most likely for transitioning
precipitation types at this point. Heavy rain and thunderstorms are
possible in the Tennessee Valley on Sunday. Keep an eye on future
forecasts as details are likely to change.

Generally, the mean upper ridge over the West will promote above
normal temperatures from the Great Basin and Southwest to the
southern/central Plains late week into the weekend. Highs will
reach well into the 70s in the Desert Southwest, and temperatures
could warm into the low 80s in southern Texas by next weekend.
Meanwhile the mean trough in the central/eastern U.S. will lead to
cooler than normal temperatures from the north-central U.S. into
the Midwest to Eastern Seaboard. The northern Plains is forecast to
see the most anomalous temperatures, around 10-20F below normal
for highs and around 5-15F below normal for lows. This translates
to highs not reaching or barely reaching 0F and lows between -10F
and -20F in some areas.


Tate

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
210 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024


Lake effect snow is likely later this week with cold and brisk
flow across the Great Lakes, likely peaking Thursday-Friday with
some continuing into Saturday. Meanwhile shortwave energy and a
weak frontal wave may produce a band of light snow late this week
somewhere within an area encompassing the Midwest/Ohio Valley to
central Appalachians. Farther south, parts of the western/central
Gulf Coast could see one or more periods of light rain.

Ahead of the eastern Pacific upper trough, moisture in the form of
a moderate atmospheric river will be directed into the Pacific
Northwest to northern California, likely peaking Thursday night
into Friday morning. There are remaining timing and placement
differences for the positioning of peak moisture transport and
heaviest rainfall. Thus continued to hold off on any excessive
rainfall areas in the Days 4-5/Thursday-Friday EROs, but some areas
within this region may be more sensitive than normal to heavy
rainfall with the wet antecedent conditions. Modest precipitation
including higher elevation snow is likely into the Intermountain
West and northern/central Rockies. Additional rounds of light to
moderate precipitation are possible in the Northwest into the
weekend.

As the upper trough moves into the central U.S., surface low
pressure is forecast to develop over the southern Plains over the
weekend. While the details remain nebulous, precipitation chances
look to increase generally across the Plains and Mississippi Valley
Saturday and stretching farther into the east-central U.S. Sunday-
Monday as the low moves east. This precipitation would be snow in
the northern half or so of the U.S. given the cold temperatures,
with rain in the south. There may be a transition zone of ice in
between the rain and snow, and some locations could transition from
snow to rain or vice versa. The central Plains into Middle
Mississippi Valley appears most likely for transitioning
precipitation types at this point. Heavy rain and thunderstorms are
possible in the Tennessee Valley on Sunday. Keep an eye on future
forecasts as details are likely to change.

Generally, the mean upper ridge over the West will promote above
normal temperatures from the Great Basin and Southwest to the
southern/central Plains late week into the weekend. Highs will
reach well into the 70s in the Desert Southwest, and temperatures
could warm into the low 80s in southern Texas by next weekend.
Meanwhile the mean trough in the central/eastern U.S. will lead to
cooler than normal temperatures from the north-central U.S. into
the Midwest to Eastern Seaboard. The northern Plains is forecast to
see the most anomalous temperatures, around 10-20F below normal
for highs and around 5-15F below normal for lows. This translates
to highs not reaching or barely reaching 0F and lows between -10F
and -20F in some areas.


Tate

Probabilistic Heavy Snow and Icing Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
300 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024

Valid 12Z Mon Dec 30 2024 - 12Z Thu Jan 02 2025

...Pacific Northwest...
Days 1-3...

Onshore flow and a couple impulses of upper level energy will race
across the Pacific Northwest through the day today. While snow
levels will be dropping with cold advection, the amount of moisture
over the area will also lessen with time. Snow levels will drop to
between 2,000 and 6,000 ft from north to south, which may allow
for some light accumulations in the populated valleys. The jet
stream will shift southward with time, which will also gradually
lessen the forcing for snow across much of the higher elevations of
WA/OR/ID/MT from west to east through the day. Thus, the heaviest
snow for today will be over the next few hours of this morning,
with diminishing snow over most of the mountains by tonight.
Heavier snow may persist the longest near Glacier N.P. in
northwestern MT. Quiet weather (other than some light snow at the
highest peaks near Glacier N.P. and into Wyoming) will persist
through the day Tuesday.

The next front will move ashore and into the Cascades starting
Tuesday night. It will push across the Pacific Northwest through
Wednesday night. The heaviest snow through this period will be
through the WA and OR Cascades, where some of the highest peaks of
the southern WA and OR Cascades have an over 80% chance of seeing 4
inches or more of snow through Wednesday afternoon. Through the day
Wednesday snow will move inland, dropping additional higher
elevation shows into northern Idaho and northwest Montana.
Probabilities into ID and MT are between 30-60%, with the highest
probabilities near Glacier N.P.


...North-Central Plains...
Day 1...

A 500 mb shortwave trough riding the polar jet stream will combine
with the LFQ of a 140 kt jet to cause cyclogenesis across portions
of SD and NE today. North of the low center, an expanding
precipitation shield may feature localized bands of heavier snow,
especially over south-central SD through the day today. The surface
low will track southeastward with the progressive shortwave
trough, so any one location can expect a 6-12 hour window of snow
through tonight. The heaviest snow totals are likely in the Black
Hills today where WPC probabilities of snow totals over 4 inches
are over 80% and probabilities of totals over 8 inches are over
50%. This is largely due to the localized upslope expected on the
north facing slopes which will enhance snow totals and rates.
Across the Plains of SD, probabilities of 4 inches are between
30-50% with 10-30% chances of 8 inches or more. As the low moves
into the Midwest late tonight through Wednesday, a lack of colder
air further east will make the predominant precipitation type
become rain, so the wintry threat with this low will diminish
greatly late tonight.


...Northeast...
Days 2-3...

The low tracking over KS/MO today shifts east to the Mid-Atlantic
through Tuesday before shifting up the New England coast Tuesday
night. It's a progressive system, but with the surface low
translating to the coast around Long Island then strengthening as
it tracks northeastward, there is a threat for banding on the back
side of the low as colder air is pulled in from Canada. Very warm
(for this time of year) air is in place even into interior New
England presently. By Tuesday night, the approaching precipitation
from the southwest with colder air close behind may encounter some
lingering cold air in the sheltered valleys of northern NH and
western ME. Thus, the precipitation may begin as freezing rain
before changing over to snow Wednesday. WPC probabilities for 0.01"
of ice are between 40-60%, primarily Tuesday night, for northern NH
and much of western ME.

Marginal thermals should be overcome at higher elevations over the
Adirondacks and Green/White Mountains esp >1500ft. To the west,
colder air will rush in behind the system across the still mild
Great Lakes and support some lake-enhanced/effect snow downwind of
Erie/Ontario on NW flow Wednesday thru the end of this forecast 00Z
Thu. Sufficient moisture will also be present over the central
Appalachians (eastern WV into the Laurel Highlands) for some
upslope snow. WPC probabilities for at least 4 inches of snow are
moderate (30-60%) there on the west side of the system as it
retreats to Canada. Over New England, higher probabilities ~50-70%
exist over parts of the higher elevations >2500ft in the
Adirondacks, along the northern spine of the Green Mountains, and
into the White Mountains in NH into northwestern Maine where banded
snow is more likely as the low scoots across the Gulf of Maine
into eastern Maine Wednesday afternoon. Snow will continue into
interior New England through Wednesday night. Meanwhile
lake-effect
and upslope snow will keep light snow going through Wednesday night
from western New York and northeast Ohio through the mountains of
western Pennsylvania and West Virginia.

Wegman

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
210 AM EST Mon Dec 30 2024

Valid 12Z Thu Jan 02 2025 - 12Z Mon Jan 06 2025


...Colder weather in the central and eastern U.S. allows for
broadening wintry precipitation chances over the weekend...


...Overview...

A broad upper trough will be in place across the central and
eastern U.S. later this week, allowing for near to below average
temperatures and multiple days of lake effect snow in favored
areas. Meanwhile upper ridging will amplify over the West for
warmer temperatures while an atmospheric river produces
precipitation in the Northwest ahead of an eastern Pacific trough.
This trough is forecast to move inland and toward the central U.S.
over the weekend, which will support a developing low pressure
system over the Plains and east-central U.S. early next week.
Moisture accompanying this low could lead to heavy rainfall
currently expected in the Tennessee Valley on Sunday, while the
cool temperatures in place farther north may produce a broad area
of snow in the north-central Plains to Mid-Mississippi Valley and
Ohio Valley this weekend, with possible ice in the transition zone.


...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...

Model guidance remains agreeable with the large scale pattern of
the western ridge and the eastern trough for the early medium range
period. Small impulses riding the ridge into the Northwest show
some model spread that affects QPF, and there is also some spread
with the details of a weak wave producing some light snow from the
Mid-Mississippi Valley to the Ohio Valley and central Appalachians.
These smaller scale differences will have to be resolved during
the short range period.

By Friday into Saturday, the eastern Pacific trough entering the
West shows more considerable model variability with its timing. The
12Z and new 00Z CMC runs were slower/farther west with the trough
axis than almost all ensemble members. The 12Z ECMWF was also on
the slow side though--despite all AI/ML models (based on the EC
initial conditions) faster like the GFS runs and the UKMET. Favored
the faster solutions, which was similar to the previous forecast
as well, and fortunately the new 00Z ECMWF has trended faster. The
depth of the trough at least is more agreeable than in previous
days, as models have trended away from the flattest solutions.

The trough should set up atop the Rockies to Plains early next
week with reasonable model agreement. A surface low is likely to
form in response, likely over the southern Plains this weekend and
then tracking east. The 00Z ECMWF and GFS happen to agree fairly
well on a 12Z Monday surface low position over Louisville, Kentucky
or so, but models are far from locked in on this position.
Continue to monitor future forecasts as the low track will impact
precipitation position and type.

The WPC forecast was based on a blend favoring the 12/18Z GFS runs
with some inclusion of the 12Z ECMWF, 12Z UKMET, and GEFS and EC
ensemble means early in the period. Quickly ramped up the
proportion of ensemble means to over half by Days 6-7 amid
increasing model spread.


...Weather/Hazards Highlights...

Lake effect snow is likely later this week with cold and brisk
flow across the Great Lakes, likely peaking Thursday-Friday with
some continuing into Saturday. Meanwhile shortwave energy and a
weak frontal wave may produce a band of light snow late this week
somewhere within an area encompassing the Midwest/Ohio Valley to
central Appalachians. Farther south, parts of the western/central
Gulf Coast could see one or more periods of light rain.

Ahead of the eastern Pacific upper trough, moisture in the form of
a moderate atmospheric river will be directed into the Pacific
Northwest to northern California, likely peaking Thursday night
into Friday morning. There are remaining timing and placement
differences for the positioning of peak moisture transport and
heaviest rainfall. Thus continued to hold off on any excessive
rainfall areas in the Days 4-5/Thursday-Friday EROs, but some areas
within this region may be more sensitive than normal to heavy
rainfall with the wet antecedent conditions. Modest precipitation
including higher elevation snow is likely into the Intermountain
West and northern/central Rockies. Additional rounds of light to
moderate precipitation are possible in the Northwest into the
weekend.

As the upper trough moves into the central U.S., surface low
pressure is forecast to develop over the southern Plains over the
weekend. While the details remain nebulous, precipitation chances
look to increase generally across the Plains and Mississippi Valley
Saturday and stretching farther into the east-central U.S. Sunday-
Monday as the low moves east. This precipitation would be snow in
the northern half or so of the U.S. given the cold temperatures,
with rain in the south. There may be a transition zone of ice in
between the rain and snow, and some locations could transition from
snow to rain or vice versa. The central Plains into Middle
Mississippi Valley appears most likely for transitioning
precipitation types at this point. Heavy rain and thunderstorms are
possible in the Tennessee Valley on Sunday. Keep an eye on future
forecasts as details are likely to change.

Generally, the mean upper ridge over the West will promote above
normal temperatures from the Great Basin and Southwest to the
southern/central Plains late week into the weekend. Highs will
reach well into the 70s in the Desert Southwest, and temperatures
could warm into the low 80s in southern Texas by next weekend.
Meanwhile the mean trough in the central/eastern U.S. will lead to
cooler than normal temperatures from the north-central U.S. into
the Midwest to Eastern Seaboard. The northern Plains is forecast to
see the most anomalous temperatures, around 10-20F below normal
for highs and around 5-15F below normal for lows. This translates
to highs not reaching or barely reaching 0F and lows between -10F
and -20F in some areas.


Tate


Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium
range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php

WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), excessive rainfall
outlook (ERO), winter weather outlook (WWO) probabilities, heat
indices, and Key Messages can be accessed from:

https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ovw